审查信用证是信用证下贸易安全的首要工作。这些要注意。 -九游会国际
大家都知道信用证在国际贸易中使用率是最高的,而审查信用证是信用证下贸易安全的首要工作。
能否全面细致读懂信用证是审证的前提,如何读懂信用证?首先必须搞清信用证英语的句法结构特点。
从句子的结构上来说,一个完整的英语句子通常必须有一个谓语动词,不管是行为动词还是系动词。
而信用证英语属于格式化语言,因此,信用证英语具有其他科技英语所没有的行文特点:
经常故意省略句子的助动词或系动词结构,使句子成为非完整句是信用证英语的独有特点。
因此,非完整句是信用证英语句法机构的主要特点。
1.现在分词与非完整句:
在信用证条款中,我们常见到如下现在分词的非完整句形式;
“certificate attesting that;
declaration stating shat;
statement indicating that;
insurance policy or certificate covering;
certificate showing:
certificate confirmating;
bill od lading mentioning;
original certifying”
loading manifest per container stating container number, item number per container and cartons per item.
集装箱装货清单,说明集装箱号码,每个集装箱的商品编码以及每件商品的纸箱数。
packing list showing cubic measurements,quantity per carton and per container.
装箱单注明立方尺码及每纸箱和每集装箱的数量。
inspection certificate of weight issued by ciq in one original and two copies certifying the gross weight, the net weight, the tare weight and the number of bags loaded at time of loading.
重量检验证书由ciq出具,正本1份副本2份,证实毛重,净重,皮重及整运时所装袋件数。
certificate of origin in triplicate showing name of manufacturer stating that goods are of chinese origin, issued and certified by china councile for the promotion of international trade.
产地证一式三份,注明制造商名称,证明货物为中国产,由中国国际贸易促进会签发并证实。
2.过去分词与非完整句:
过去分词通常表示动作“已完成”,但是在信用证单证条款中,在以过去分词作为修饰成分的非完整句句型中,过去分词均表示将来的概念。
它的含义相当于“to be 过去分词”。一般来说,过去分词可以分成带by结构和不带by结构两种。
copy of fax sent by beneficiary to applicant between two days before and two days after shipment date containing full shipment details for insurance purpose.
受益人在装船之前和之后的两天之前向开证申请人发送一份传真件,内含装船详情以便办理保险之用。
特别注意: two days before and two days after shipment date. 和 two days before or two days after shipment date:的区别:
前者是在装船前两天发一份传真,装船之后的两天之内再发一份装船通知传真;
而后者是在装船日前两天或者在装船日后两天内发一次装船通知就可以了。
前者是发两次装船通知,后者发一次就行,千万别把前者理解为后者,只发一次传真,那麻烦就大了,可以被拒付了。
a certificate issued and signed by the owner, agent, captain or company of the vessel appended to the bill of lading.
由船东,代理人或船公司出具和签署证书一份,随附于提单。
certificate issued by ower, master or agents stating that the carrying vessel is not exceeding 15 years of age at the date of loading.
由船东,船长或代理人出具证书一份,说明载货船舶在装运时不得超过15年。
full set of (marine) insurance policy or certificate endorsed in blank for 110 pct of invoice value with claims payable in korea in the currency of draft covering the institute cargo clauses: icc(a)
全套(海运)保险单、凭证,空白背书,按发票总值的110%承保协会货物条款(a),以汇票上的币种在韩国办理赔付。
3.动词不定式与非完整句:
动词不定式的非完整句句型在信用证英语中均表现为主动式和被动式两种,名词仍然为修饰的核心。
这些名词大多和单证条款所涉及的事项有关。在信用证的非完整句的不定式结构中我们常用的动词为:
present, effect, add, deduct, pack, mark, make, certify, adjust 等。
而名词大多为:documents, insurance, confirmation, commission, goods,bill of lading, commericial invoice value, shipment davice, certificate of origin, quantity.
我们常见如下动词不定式非完整句被动结构:
documents to be presented; insurance to be effected; confirmation to be added; commission to be deducted from; goods t be packed;bill of lading to be marked;commercial invoice value to be deducted; shipment advice to be made;
主动机构:
drafts to include; freight to collect; courier receipt to accompany; document to contain.
比如:
confirmation to be added only by industrial and commericial bank of china, jiangsu provincial branch, china.
仅由中国工商银行江苏分行对信用证加以保兑。
documents to be presented within 15 days after the date of issurance of the shipping document but within the credit validity.
单据于装船单据签发日期后15天但需要在信用证有效期内提交提交议付
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